Proposal for a New Measure of Corruption, Illustrated with Italian Data
نویسندگان
چکیده
Standard cross-national measures of corruption are assembled through surveys. We propose a novel alternative objective measure that consists of the difference between a measure of the physical quantities of public infrastructure and the cumulative price government pays for public capital stocks. Where the difference is larger between the monies spent and the existing physical infrastructure, more money is being siphoned off to mismanagement, fraud, bribes, kickbacks, and embezzlement; that is, corruption is greater. We create this measure for Italy’s 95 provinces and 20 regions as of the mid-1990s, controlling at the regional level for possible differences in the costs of public construction.
منابع مشابه
We Need to Measure and Address Corruption and Poor Governance in Health Systems; Comment on “We Need to Talk About Corruption in Health Systems”
Hutchinson et al offer a compelling argument for greater attention to and work in corruption in healthcare. We indeed need to talk about corruption, to understand and to grasp how to prevent and address it. This paper lays out some of the rationale for how to define the research questions, how best to address corruption – arguing that governance rather than corruption may offer a preferred star...
متن کاملChanging the Conversation, Why We Need to Reframe Corruption as a Public Health Issue; Comment on “We Need to Talk About Corruption in Health Systems”
There has been slow progress with finding practical solutions to health systems corruption, a topic that has long languished in policy-makers “too difficult tray.” Efforts to achieve universal health coverage (UHC) provide a new imperative for addressing the long-standing problem of corruption in health systems making fighting corruption at all levels and in all its for...
متن کاملBivariate Extension of Past Entropy
Di Crescenzo and Longobardi (2002) has been proposed a measure of uncertainty related to past life namely past entropy. The present paper addresses the question of extending this concept to bivariate set-up and study some properties of the proposed measure. It is shown that the proposed measure uniquely determines the distribution function. Characterizations for some bivariate lifetime models a...
متن کاملAssessing the undesirable cost imposed on the system with fuzzy DEA
In some companies, undesirable costs are imposed for provision of services. It is required that current outputs of decision making units are produced at minimal undesirable cost. In this paper, a new method is proposed for evaluating the undesirable cost imposed on the units. Moreover, data is considered in fuzzy number form, due to the observed input-output data are sometimes imprecise in real...
متن کاملComparing Impact of Administrative Corruption on Economic Growth in Developing Countries
In the initial models of economic growth, economic factors entered in to models but in the following models, non-economic factors entered in to models. Many broad studies were done on this subject by the economists, and already considerable results were obtained. Subjects such as corruption in the administrative bodies were new variables entering the literature of economic growth at that stage....
متن کامل